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Acquisition of Turkish Citizenship by Marriage: A Detailed Guide

Writer's picture: Koca Avukatlık BürosuKoca Avukatlık Bürosu

Introduction

Marriage to a Turkish citizen opens a pathway to acquiring Turkish citizenship, offering foreign nationals the opportunity to integrate into Turkish society and enjoy the rights and privileges of Turkish nationality. However, the process is governed by specific legal requirements and conditions that must be met to ensure a successful application. This article provides an in-depth examination of the legal framework, eligibility criteria, and benefits associated with acquiring Turkish citizenship by marriage.


1. Legal Framework for Turkish Citizenship by Marriage

The acquisition of Turkish citizenship by marriage is regulated under Law No. 5901 on Turkish Citizenship. According to Article 16 of the law, foreign nationals who have been married to a Turkish citizen for at least three years and have established a family union in Turkey are eligible to apply for Turkish citizenship. The law aims to facilitate the naturalization process for foreign spouses while ensuring that the marriage is genuine and not solely for the purpose of obtaining citizenship.

2. Eligibility Criteria for Turkish Citizenship by Marriage

To qualify for Turkish citizenship through marriage, applicants must meet the following criteria:

a. Duration of Marriage:The couple must have been legally married for at least three years before applying for citizenship. The marriage must be recognized by Turkish authorities, and a valid marriage certificate must be provided.

b. Family Union:The couple must demonstrate that they have established a genuine family union in Turkey. This includes living together, sharing responsibilities, and maintaining a stable and harmonious marriage. The authorities will assess the couple's relationship to ensure that it is not a marriage of convenience.

c. Residency in Turkey:While there is no strict requirement for the foreign spouse to reside in Turkey throughout the three-year period, it is generally expected that the couple will have spent a significant amount of time living together in Turkey. The applicant may be required to provide proof of residence, such as rental agreements or utility bills.

d. Good Moral Character:The applicant must have good moral character and must not have been involved in any criminal activities that would pose a threat to public order or national security. A police clearance certificate from the applicant's home country and Turkey may be required.

e. Language Proficiency:Although not explicitly stated in the law, it is advantageous for the foreign spouse to have a basic understanding of the Turkish language. This demonstrates the applicant's willingness to integrate into Turkish society.

3. Application Process for Turkish Citizenship by Marriage

The process of acquiring Turkish citizenship by marriage involves several steps, each requiring careful attention to detail.

a. Submission of Application:The application must be submitted to the Provincial Directorate of Migration Management (İl Göç İdaresi Müdürlüğü) in the province where the couple resides. The following documents must be included with the application:

  • A completed application form.

  • A valid passport or travel document.

  • A copy of the marriage certificate.

  • Proof of residence in Turkey (if applicable).

  • A police clearance certificate from the applicant's home country and Turkey.

  • Recent biometric photographs.

  • A medical report confirming the applicant's good health.

b. Interview Process:Once the application is submitted, the couple will be invited to an interview with officials from the Directorate of Migration Management. During the interview, the authorities will assess the authenticity of the marriage and the couple's relationship. The questions may cover topics such as the couple's daily routines, their plans for the future, and their understanding of each other's families and backgrounds.

c. Evaluation and Approval:After the interview, the application will undergo a thorough evaluation process. The authorities will conduct background checks and verify the information provided in the application. If the application is approved, the foreign spouse will be granted Turkish citizenship and will receive a Turkish passport and national identity card.

4. Benefits of Acquiring Turkish Citizenship by Marriage

Acquiring Turkish citizenship through marriage offers several benefits, making it an appealing option for foreign spouses.

a. Rights and Privileges of Turkish Citizenship:As a Turkish citizen, the foreign spouse will enjoy the same rights and privileges as any other Turkish national. This includes the right to vote, work, own property, and access public services such as healthcare and education.

b. Visa-Free Travel:Turkish citizens have visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 110 countries worldwide, making it easier for the foreign spouse to travel internationally.

c. Dual Citizenship:Turkey allows dual citizenship, enabling the foreign spouse to retain their original nationality while enjoying the benefits of Turkish citizenship. This is particularly advantageous for individuals who wish to maintain ties with their home country.

d. Pathway to Citizenship for Children:Children born to the couple after the foreign spouse acquires Turkish citizenship will automatically be granted Turkish nationality. Additionally, the couple's existing children under the age of 18 may also be eligible for Turkish citizenship through a simplified process.

e. Integration into Turkish Society:Acquiring Turkish citizenship by marriage allows the foreign spouse to fully integrate into Turkish society, participate in community life, and contribute to the country's cultural and social fabric.

5. Challenges and Considerations

While the benefits of acquiring Turkish citizenship by marriage are significant, there are also challenges and considerations that applicants should be aware of.

a. Proving the Authenticity of the Marriage:The authorities are vigilant in ensuring that marriages used as a basis for citizenship applications are genuine. Couples must be prepared to provide substantial evidence of their relationship and commitment to each other.

b. Long-Term Residency:Although there is no strict requirement for long-term residency in Turkey, couples who spend significant time apart may face additional scrutiny. It is essential to maintain a stable and consistent family life to avoid complications during the application process.

c. Potential Legal and Financial Obligations:The foreign spouse may be subject to Turkish laws and regulations, including those related to taxation, property ownership, and inheritance. It is advisable to seek legal counsel to understand the implications of acquiring Turkish citizenship.

d. Impact on Original Nationality:While Turkey allows dual citizenship, the foreign spouse's home country may have different rules regarding dual nationality. Applicants should verify their home country's policies to avoid potential conflicts or loss of original citizenship.

Conclusion

The acquisition of Turkish citizenship by marriage is a viable and attractive option for foreign nationals who have established a genuine marital relationship with a Turkish citizen. While the process involves several legal and administrative steps, the benefits of Turkish nationality—ranging from visa-free travel to full integration into Turkish society—make it a worthwhile endeavor.

Our law firm has extensive experience in assisting clients with the acquisition of Turkish citizenship by marriage. We provide comprehensive legal services to guide you through the application process and help you achieve your goal of becoming a Turkish citizen.

For more information or to discuss your specific needs, please contact our legal team. We are here to support you every step of the way.


Additional Notes:

  • This article is intended to provide general information about the acquisition of Turkish citizenship by marriage and should not be construed as legal advice. For specific legal concerns or cases, it is advisable to consult with a qualified attorney.

 

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